|
The George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies is a United States Department of Defense〔US DoD http://www.defenselink.mil〕 and Federal Ministry of Defence (Germany)〔German MOD http://www.bundesregierung.de/Webs/Breg/EN/Federal-Government/Ministries/FederalMinistryOfDefence/federal-ministry-of-defence.html〕 security and defense studies institute. When the Marshall Center was founded in 1993, its mission was to create a more stable security environment by advancing democratic institutions and relationships, especially in the field of defense; promoting active, peaceful, security cooperation; and enhancing enduring partnerships among the nations of North America, Europe, and Eurasia. As of Oct. 1, 2014, the Marshall Center’s regional mission changed to a transnational one based on an Office of the Secretary of Defense directive to change from a European to a global participants base. The current mission of the Marshall Center, as a vital instrument of German-American cooperation, is to create a more stable security environment by advancing democratic institutions and relationships; promoting active, peaceful, whole-of-government approaches to address transnational and regional security challenges; and creating and enhancing enduring partnerships worldwide. The Marshall Center offers graduate-level resident programs as well as conferences and other outreach programs to military and civilian government officials from around the world. Its international faculty consists of 35 faculty members from 10 countries — the United States and Germany, as well as Albania, Austria, Canada, France, Italy, Lithuania, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. The Marshall Center’s College of International and Strategic Studies offers eight resident courses that examine transnational, regional and international security issues. Each course is held two or three times a year. The Marshall Center is co-located with the Armed Forces Recreation Center's Edelweiss Lodge and Resort, a U.S. Department of Defense owned hotel in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. Located in the Bavarian Alps near the Austrian border, the Edelweiss opened in September 2004. Both the Marshall Center and the Edelweiss are supported by the Bavarian Military Community Garmisch,〔Bavarian Military Community Garmisch http://www.garmisch.army.mil/〕 which falls under Army Installation Management Command-Europe.〔U.S. Army Installation Management Command - Europe http://www.imcom-europe.army.mil/sites/local/〕 ==Background== After the failed August 1991 coup attempt in Russia, defense specialists identified the need for an institution such as the Marshall Center. The United States European Command (EUCOM)〔U.S. European Command http://www.eucom.mil〕 began to develop proposals to expand defense and security contacts with the emerging democracies of Central and Eastern Europe and Eurasia in order to positively influence the development of security structures appropriate for democratic states. In February 1992, a proposal was submitted to then-Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Colin Powell to use the facilities of the former U.S. Army Russia Institute (USARI) to create a European center for security studies in order to rapidly develop opportunities to work with European and Eurasian defense establishments. He endorsed the plan on March 17, 1992. Undersecretary of Defense for Policy Paul Wolfowitz approved the proposal that summer, and the staffs began developing a charter for the proposed center. Former Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney signed DOD Directive 5200.34〔DoD Directive 5200.34 http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/520041p.pdf〕 in November 1992, establishing the George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies as an element of EUCOM under the authority, direction and control of the EUCOM commander. The Marshall Center became a German-American partnership when a memorandum of agreement was signed on December 2, 1994, between headquarters EUCOM and the German Ministry of Defense. EUCOM Commander Gen. John M. Shalikashvili hosted the June 5, 1993 ceremony officially dedicating the Marshall Center in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. The center was given the charter of stabilizing and thereby strengthening post-Cold War Europe. Secretary of Defense Les Aspin and German Minister of Defense Volker Rühe were the keynote speakers. The facilities of the Marshall Center encompass the Sheridan Kaserne and Artillery, formerly the Krafft von Dellmensingen Kaserne. Sheridan Kaserne, originally named Jaeger Kaserne, was built in 1937 to house German military (Wehrmacht) troops. The U.S. Army first used the installation in 1945 as a prisoner-of-war camp for officers. The headquarters of the First Mountain Division of the new German Army was located on the Kasernes from 1960 to 1992.〔See :de:1. Gebirgsdivision (Bundeswehr)〕 The installation became home to the Garmisch U.S. military community, the headquarters of the Armed Forces Recreation Center and the former U.S. Army Russia Institute (USARI) in May 1964. In June 1992, the facilities transferred to the newly formed George C. Marshall Center. Since its dedication, the Marshall Center has addressed the most important security issues confronting Europe, Eurasia and North America through its resident and outreach programs. In keeping abreast of 21st century security challenges, the Marshall Center has continued to expand its offerings, adding three new resident courses since 2004 and focusing on the need for international, interagency and interdisciplinary cooperation in addressing those challenges. Image:WoernerHall.jpg|A view of the Marshall Center's Woerner Hall, bldg. 109. Image:GCMC lg plenary.jpg|The large plenary at the Marshall Center seats more than 250 people, has translation booths and screens to present multimedia to participants in multiple languages. Image:GCMC-SSTAR-BGNicholson.jpg|Participants of the Marshall Center's Program for Security, Stability, Transition and Reconstruction (SSTaR) had a first-hand opportunity to learn about reconstruction during a video tele-conference with Brig. Gen. John Nicholson, Jr. March 11, 2009. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|